2022-02-05 14:30:18
名词辨析disease, illness, sickness
1. disease 表示“疾病”,通常指具体的“疾病”(可数)。如:
Most diseases could be wiped out. 多数疾病是可以消灭的。
I caught the disease from you. 我这病是从你那传染来的。
It was a horrible disease. 这是一种可怕的疾病。
Arthritis is a chronic disease. 关节炎是一种慢性病。
Measles, mumps and influenza are common diseases. 麻疹、腮腺炎和流感是常见病。
注:有时指疾病的总称(不可数),即通称的“疾病”。如:
Rats spread disease. 老鼠传染疾病。
Cleanliness helps prevent disease. 清洁有助于预防疾病。
Disease is usually caused by germs. 疾病多由病菌引起。
Many antibiotic drugs ore used to combat disease. 许多抗生素药品用来和疾病作斗争。
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2. illness 和 sickness 常可通用,它们主要用于表示生病的时间或因病(disease)导致的不健康状态等。如:
He can’t come because of illness. 他因病不能来。
He died after a long illness. 他死之前病了很久。
She is cheerful in spite of her illness. 她尽管有病,但还是快乐。
He was weak from a long illness. 由于长期生病他身体很虚弱。
Tell me a little about your illness. 给我谈谈你的病。
Chicken pox is a common childhood sickness. 水痘是儿童时期的常见病。
Do you know what his sickness is? 你知道他患什么病吗?
另外,sickness还可表示“呕吐”“恶心”。如:
He’s suffering from sickness and diarrhoea. 他上吐下泻。
He felt a wave of sickness come over him. 他感到一阵恶心。
3. 用于医学上表示各种病称时,通常用 disease。如:
contagious diseases 传染病
English disease 气管炎
heart disease 心脏病
lung disease 肺病
a nervous disease 神经病
skin disease 皮肤病
注:有个别搭配也用 illness。如:
mental illness [sickness] 精神病
sometime/some time/some times/sometimes
“有时”不同
[高手出招]
( 1 ) Will you come again____________ next week?
( 2 ) I'll stay here for_____________.
( 3 ) My house is _______________bigger than hers.
( 4 ) I ______________have letters from him.
[一语击破]
sometime 是副词,意为“在某人不确定的时间”,“在某个时候”,“有朝一日”,可以与将来时连用,也可以和过去时连用。如:
She was there sometime last year.
some time 是名词词组,意为“一段时间”,做时间状语用,谓语动词用延续性动词。如:
They'll stay here for some time.
some times 意为“几次,几倍”,表示次数或倍数。如:
We have been there some times.
sometimes 意为“有时”,表示频度,可以指过去、现在或将来的时间概念。如:
I go to the cinema sometimes.
Keys: ( 1 ) sometime ( 2 ) some time ( 3 ) some times ( 4 ) sometimes